# This code is part of KQCircuits
# Copyright (C) 2021 IQM Finland Oy
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
# License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
# version.
#
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# warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
#
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# https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
#
# The software distribution should follow IQM trademark policy for open-source software
# (meetiqm.com/developers/osstmpolicy). IQM welcomes contributions to the code. Please see our contribution agreements
# for individuals (meetiqm.com/developers/clas/individual) and organizations (meetiqm.com/developers/clas/organization).
# pylint: disable=R0904
# TODO: Consider refactoring to reduce number of public methods
import logging
import numpy
from kqcircuits.defaults import (
default_layers,
default_junction_type,
default_sampleholders,
default_mask_parameters,
default_bump_parameters,
default_marker_type,
)
from kqcircuits.elements.chip_frame import ChipFrame
from kqcircuits.elements.element import Element
from kqcircuits.elements.launcher import Launcher
from kqcircuits.elements.launcher_dc import LauncherDC
from kqcircuits.pya_resolver import pya
from kqcircuits.util.merge import merge_layout_layers_on_face
from kqcircuits.util.parameters import Param, pdt, add_parameters_from, add_parameter
from kqcircuits.test_structures.junction_test_pads.junction_test_pads import JunctionTestPads
from kqcircuits.test_structures.stripes_test import StripesTest
from kqcircuits.util.groundgrid import make_grid
from kqcircuits.elements.tsvs.tsv import Tsv
from kqcircuits.elements.flip_chip_connectors.flip_chip_connector_dc import FlipChipConnectorDc
from kqcircuits.elements.flip_chip_connectors.flip_chip_connector_rf import FlipChipConnectorRf
[docs]
@add_parameters_from(Tsv, "tsv_type")
@add_parameters_from(FlipChipConnectorRf, "connector_type")
@add_parameter(ChipFrame, "box", hidden=True)
@add_parameters_from(
ChipFrame,
"name_mask",
"name_chip",
"name_copy",
"name_brand",
"chip_dicing_in_base_metal",
"dice_grid_margin",
marker_types=[default_marker_type] * 8,
)
class Chip(Element):
"""Base PCell declaration for chips.
Produces labels in pixel corners, dicing edge, markers and optionally grid for all chip faces.
Contains methods for producing launchers in face 0 and connectors between faces 0 and 1.
"""
LIBRARY_NAME = "Chip Library"
LIBRARY_DESCRIPTION = "Superconducting quantum circuit library for chips."
LIBRARY_PATH = "chips"
with_grid = Param(pdt.TypeBoolean, "Make ground plane grid", False)
merge_base_metal_gap = Param(pdt.TypeBoolean, "Merge grid and other gaps into base_metal_gap layer", False)
a_capped = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble,
"Capped center conductor width",
10,
unit="ÎĽm",
docstring="Width of center conductor in the capped region (ÎĽm)",
)
b_capped = Param(pdt.TypeDouble, "Width of gap in the capped region ", 10, unit="ÎĽm")
# TSV grid parameters
with_gnd_tsvs = Param(pdt.TypeBoolean, "Make a grid of through-silicon vias (TSVs)", False)
with_face1_gnd_tsvs = Param(pdt.TypeBoolean, "Make a grid of TSVs on top chip", False)
tsv_grid_spacing = Param(pdt.TypeDouble, "TSV grid spacing (center to center)", 300, unit="ÎĽm")
edge_from_tsv = Param(pdt.TypeDouble, "TSV grid clearance to chip edge (center to edge)", 550, unit="ÎĽm")
tsv_edge_to_tsv_edge_separation = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble, "TSV grid clearance to existing TSVs (edge to edge)", 250, unit="ÎĽm"
)
tsv_edge_to_nearest_element = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble, "TSV grid clearance to other elements (edge to edge)", 100, unit="ÎĽm"
)
# Bump grid parameters
with_gnd_bumps = Param(pdt.TypeBoolean, "Make a grid of indium bumps", False)
bump_grid_spacing = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble, "Bump grid spacing (center to center)", default_bump_parameters["bump_grid_spacing"], unit="ÎĽm"
)
edge_from_bump = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble,
"Bump grid clearance to chip edge (center to edge)",
default_bump_parameters["edge_from_bump"],
unit="ÎĽm",
)
bump_edge_to_bump_edge_separation = Param(
pdt.TypeDouble,
"Bump grid clearance to existing bumps (edge to edge)",
default_bump_parameters["bump_edge_to_bump_edge_separation"],
unit="ÎĽm",
)
frames_enabled = Param(pdt.TypeList, "List of face ids (integers) for which a ChipFrame is drawn", [0])
frames_marker_dist = Param(pdt.TypeList, "Marker distance from edge for each chip frame", [1500, 1000], unit="[ÎĽm]")
frames_diagonal_squares = Param(pdt.TypeList, "Number of diagonal marker squares for each chip frame", [10, 2])
frames_mirrored = Param(
pdt.TypeList, "List of booleans specifying if the frame is mirrored for each chip frame", [False, True]
)
frames_dice_width = Param(pdt.TypeList, "Dicing street width for each chip frame", [200, 140], unit="[ÎĽm]")
face_boxes = Param(
pdt.TypeShape,
"List of chip frame sizes (type DBox) for each face. None uses the chips box parameter.",
default=[None, pya.DBox(pya.DPoint(1500, 1500), pya.DPoint(8500, 8500))],
hidden=True,
)
[docs]
def display_text_impl(self):
# Provide a descriptive text for the cell
return "{}".format(self.name_chip)
[docs]
def can_create_from_shape_impl(self):
return self.shape.is_box()
[docs]
def parameters_from_shape_impl(self):
self.box = pya.DBox(0, 0, self.shape.box_dwidth, self.shape.box_dheight)
[docs]
@staticmethod
def get_launcher_assignments(chip_cell):
"""Returns a dictionary of launcher assignments (port_id: launcher_id) for the chip.
Args:
chip_cell: Cell object of the chip
"""
launcher_assignments = {}
for inst in chip_cell.each_inst():
port_name = inst.property("port_id")
if port_name is not None:
launcher_assignments[port_name] = inst.property("id")
return launcher_assignments
[docs]
def produce_junction_tests(self, junction_type=default_junction_type):
"""Produces junction test pads in the chip.
Args:
junction_type: A string defining the type of junction used in the test pads.
"""
junction_tests_w = self.add_element(
JunctionTestPads,
margin=50,
area_height=1300,
area_width=2500,
junctions_horizontal=True,
junction_type=junction_type,
display_name="JunctionTestsHorizontal",
)
junction_tests_h = self.add_element(
JunctionTestPads,
margin=50,
area_height=2500,
area_width=1300,
junctions_horizontal=True,
junction_type=junction_type,
display_name="JunctionTestsVertical",
)
self.insert_cell(junction_tests_h, pya.DTrans(0, False, 0.35e3, (10e3 - 2.5e3) / 2), "testarray_w")
self.insert_cell(junction_tests_w, pya.DTrans(0, False, (10e3 - 2.5e3) / 2, 0.35e3), "testarray_s")
self.insert_cell(junction_tests_h, pya.DTrans(0, False, 9.65e3 - 1.3e3, (10e3 - 2.5e3) / 2), "testarray_e")
self.insert_cell(junction_tests_w, pya.DTrans(0, False, (10e3 - 2.5e3) / 2, 9.65e3 - 1.3e3), "testarray_n")
[docs]
def produce_opt_lit_tests(self):
"""Produces optical lithography test stripes at chip corners."""
num_stripes = 20
length = 100
min_width = 1
max_width = 15
step = 3
first_stripes_width = 2 * num_stripes * min_width
combined_cell = self.layout.create_cell("Stripes")
for i, width in enumerate(numpy.arange(max_width + 0.1 * step, min_width, -step)):
stripes_cell = self.add_element(
StripesTest, num_stripes=num_stripes, stripe_width=width, stripe_length=length
)
# horizontal
combined_cell.insert(
pya.DCellInstArray(
stripes_cell.cell_index(),
pya.DCplxTrans(1, 0, False, -880, 2 * i * length + first_stripes_width - 200),
)
)
# vertical
combined_cell.insert(
pya.DCellInstArray(
stripes_cell.cell_index(),
pya.DCplxTrans(1, 90, False, 2 * i * length + length + first_stripes_width - 200, -880),
)
)
# diagonal
diag_offset = 2 * num_stripes * width / numpy.sqrt(8)
combined_cell.insert(
pya.DCellInstArray(
stripes_cell.cell_index(),
pya.DCplxTrans(1, -45, False, 250 + i * length - diag_offset, 250 + i * length + diag_offset),
)
)
self.insert_cell(combined_cell, pya.DCplxTrans(1, 0, False, 1500, 1500))
self.insert_cell(combined_cell, pya.DCplxTrans(1, 90, False, 8500, 1500))
self.insert_cell(combined_cell, pya.DCplxTrans(1, 180, False, 8500, 8500))
self.insert_cell(combined_cell, pya.DCplxTrans(1, 270, False, 1500, 8500))
[docs]
def produce_ground_grid(self):
"""Produces ground grid on all faces with ChipFrames.
This method is called in build(). Override this method to produce a different set of chip frames.
"""
for face in self.frames_enabled:
self.produce_ground_on_face_grid(self.get_box(int(face)), int(face))
[docs]
def produce_ground_on_face_grid(self, box, face_id):
"""Produces ground grid in the given face of the chip.
Args:
box: pya.DBox within which the grid is created
face_id (int): ID of the face where the grid is created
"""
grid_area = box * (1 / self.layout.dbu)
protection = pya.Region(self.cell.begin_shapes_rec(self.get_layer("ground_grid_avoidance", face_id))).merged()
grid_mag_factor = 1
region_ground_grid = make_grid(
grid_area,
protection,
grid_step=10 * (1 / self.layout.dbu) * grid_mag_factor,
grid_size=5 * (1 / self.layout.dbu) * grid_mag_factor,
)
self.cell.shapes(self.get_layer("ground_grid", face_id)).insert(region_ground_grid)
[docs]
def produce_frame(self, frame_parameters, trans=pya.DTrans()):
"""Produces a chip frame and markers for the given face.
Args:
frame_parameters: PCell parameters for the chip frame
trans: DTrans for the chip frame, default=pya.DTrans()
"""
self.insert_cell(ChipFrame, trans, **frame_parameters)
[docs]
def merge_layout_layers_on_face(self, face, tolerance=0.004):
"""Creates "base_metal_gap" layer on given face.
The layer shape is combination of three layers using subtract (-) and insert (+) operations:
"base_metal_gap" = "base_metal_gap_wo_grid" - "base_metal_addition" + "ground_grid"
Args:
face: face dictionary containing layer names as keys and layer info objects as values
tolerance: gap length to be ignored while merging (µm)
"""
merge_layout_layers_on_face(self.layout, self.cell, face, tolerance)
[docs]
def merge_layout_layers(self):
"""Creates "base_metal_gap" layers on all faces.
The layer shape is combination of three layers using subtract (-) and insert (+) operations:
"base_metal_gap" = "base_metal_gap_wo_grid" - "base_metal_addition" + "ground_grid"
This method is called in build(). Override this method to produce a different set of chip frames.
"""
for i in range(len(self.face_ids)):
self.merge_layout_layers_on_face(self.face(i))
[docs]
def produce_structures(self):
"""Produces chip frame and possibly other structures before the ground grid.
This method is called in post_build(). Override this method to produce a different set of chip frames.
"""
for i, face in enumerate(self.frames_enabled):
face = int(face)
frame_box = self.get_box(face)
frame_parameters = self.pcell_params_by_name(
ChipFrame,
box=frame_box,
face_ids=[self.face_ids[face]],
use_face_prefix=len(self.frames_enabled) > 1,
dice_width=float(self.frames_dice_width[i]),
text_margin=default_mask_parameters[self.face_ids[face]]["text_margin"],
marker_dist=float(self.frames_marker_dist[i]),
diagonal_squares=int(self.frames_diagonal_squares[i]),
marker_types=self.marker_types[i * 4 : (i + 1) * 4],
)
if str(self.frames_mirrored[i]).lower() == "true": # Accept both boolean and string representation
frame_trans = pya.DTrans(frame_box.center()) * pya.DTrans.M90 * pya.DTrans(-frame_box.center())
else:
frame_trans = pya.DTrans(0, 0)
self.produce_frame(frame_parameters, frame_trans)
if self.with_gnd_tsvs:
self._produce_ground_tsvs(faces=[0, 2])
if self.with_face1_gnd_tsvs:
tsv_box = self.get_box(1).enlarged(pya.DVector(-self.edge_from_tsv, -self.edge_from_tsv))
self._produce_ground_tsvs(faces=[3, 1], tsv_box=tsv_box)
[docs]
def get_box(self, face=0):
"""
Get the chip frame box for the specified face, correctly resolving defaults.
Args:
face: Integer specifying face, default 0
Returns: pya.DBox box for the specified face
"""
box = self.face_boxes[face]
return box if box is not None else self.box
[docs]
def get_filter_regions(self, filter_layer_list):
"""Transforms the filter_layer_list into filter_regions dictionary.
Args:
filter_layer_list: tuple (layer_name, face, distance) specifying the distances to filtering layers
Returns:
dict with distances as keys and filtering regions as values
"""
filter_regions = {distance: pya.Region() for _, _, distance in filter_layer_list}
for layer, face, distance in filter_layer_list:
if layer in self.face(face):
filter_regions[distance] += pya.Region(self.cell.begin_shapes_rec(self.get_layer(layer, face)))
return {distance: region for distance, region in filter_regions.items() if not region.is_empty()}
[docs]
def insert_filtered_elements(self, element_cell, shape_layers, filter_regions, locations, rotation=0):
"""Inserts elements into given locations filtered by filter_regions.
Args:
element_cell: pya.Cell specifying the element to be repeated in the grid
shape_layers: tuple (layer_name, face) specifying the shape layers on the element_cell
filter_regions: dict with distances as keys and filtering regions as values
locations: list of grid element locations as DPoints
rotation: element rotation in degrees
Returns:
list of filtered grid element locations
"""
# Get element shape
shape = pya.Region()
for shape_layer in shape_layers:
shape += pya.Region(element_cell.begin_shapes_rec(self.get_layer(*shape_layer)))
shape.transform(pya.ICplxTrans(1, rotation, False, 0, 0))
# Filter locations
locations_itype = [pya.Vector(pos.to_itype(self.layout.dbu)) for pos in locations]
for distance, filter_region in filter_regions.items():
# Create expanded shape polygon
shape_polygons = list(shape.sized(distance / self.layout.dbu).merged().each())
if len(shape_polygons) == 1:
shape_polygon = shape_polygons[0] # use actual element shape
elif len(shape_polygons) > 1:
shape_polygon = pya.Polygon(shape.bbox()) # use bounding box if shape consists of multiple polygons
else:
shape_polygon = pya.Polygon(pya.Box(2)) # use small box around origin if shape_region is empty
shape_center = shape_polygon.bbox().center()
# Filter locations
test_region = pya.Region([shape_polygon.moved(pos) for pos in locations_itype])
test_region.merged_semantics = False
pass_region = test_region.outside(filter_region)
locations_itype = [p.bbox().center() - shape_center for p in pass_region]
# Insert elements into filtered locations
passed_locations = [pos.to_dtype(self.layout.dbu) for pos in locations_itype]
for passed_location in passed_locations:
self.insert_cell(element_cell, pya.DCplxTrans(1, rotation, False, passed_location))
return passed_locations
[docs]
def get_ground_bump_locations(self, bump_box):
"""
Define the locations for a grid. This method returns the full grid.
Args:
bump_box: DBox specifying the region that should be filled with ground bumps
Returns: list of DPoint coordinates where a ground bump can be placed
"""
return self.make_grid_locations(bump_box, delta_x=self.bump_grid_spacing, delta_y=self.bump_grid_spacing)
def _produce_ground_bumps(self, faces=[0, 1]): # pylint: disable=dangerous-default-value
"""Produces a grid of indium bumps between given faces.
The bumps avoid ground grid avoidance on both faces, and keep a minimum distance to existing bumps.
"""
logging.info("Starting bump grid generation")
# Count existing bump count for logging purpose
existing_bump_region = pya.Region()
for face in faces:
existing_bump_region += pya.Region(self.cell.begin_shapes_rec(self.get_layer("indium_bump", face)))
existing_bump_count = existing_bump_region.merged().count()
# Specify bump element, filter regions, and locations
bump = self.add_element(FlipChipConnectorDc, face_ids=[self.face_ids[face] for face in faces])
shape_layers = [("underbump_metallization", face) for face in faces]
filter_regions = self.get_filter_regions(
[("ground_grid_avoidance", face, 0) for face in faces]
+ [("indium_bump", face, self.bump_edge_to_bump_edge_separation) for face in faces]
+ [("through_silicon_via", face, self.tsv_edge_to_nearest_element) for face in faces]
)
bump_box = self.get_box(1).enlarged(pya.DVector(-self.edge_from_bump, -self.edge_from_bump))
locations = self.get_ground_bump_locations(bump_box)
# Produce bump grid
if isinstance(locations, dict):
# bumps are grouped by rotation
bump_locations = []
for rotation, locs in locations.items():
bump_locations += self.insert_filtered_elements(bump, shape_layers, filter_regions, locs, rotation)
else:
# Use default rotation for all bumps
bump_locations = self.insert_filtered_elements(bump, shape_layers, filter_regions, locations)
logging.info(
f"Found {existing_bump_count} existing bumps and inserted {len(bump_locations)} bumps on grid, "
f"totalling {existing_bump_count + len(bump_locations)} bumps."
)
return bump_locations
[docs]
def post_build(self):
self.produce_structures()
if self.with_gnd_bumps:
self._produce_ground_bumps()
if self.with_grid:
self.produce_ground_grid()
if self.merge_base_metal_gap:
self.merge_layout_layers()
self._produce_instance_name_labels()
def _produce_instance_name_labels(self):
for inst in self.cell.each_inst():
inst_id = inst.property("id")
if inst_id:
cell = self.layout.create_cell(
"TEXT", "Basic", {"layer": default_layers["instance_names"], "text": inst_id, "mag": 400.0}
)
label_trans = inst.dcplx_trans
# prevent the label from being upside-down or mirrored
if 90 < label_trans.angle < 270:
label_trans.angle += 180
label_trans.mirror = False
# optionally apply relative transformation to the label
rel_label_trans_str = inst.property("label_trans")
if rel_label_trans_str is not None:
rel_label_trans = pya.DCplxTrans.from_s(rel_label_trans_str)
label_trans = label_trans * rel_label_trans
self.insert_cell(cell, label_trans)
[docs]
def produce_launchers(self, sampleholder_type, launcher_assignments=None, enabled=None, face_id=0):
"""Produces launchers for typical sample holders and sets chip size (``self.box``) accordingly.
This is a wrapper around ``produce_n_launchers()`` to generate typical launcher configurations.
Args:
sampleholder_type: name of the sample holder type
launcher_assignments: dictionary of (port_id: name) that assigns a name to some of the launchers
enabled: list of enabled launchers, empty means all
face_id: index of face_ids in which to insert the launchers
Returns:
launchers as a dictionary :code:`{name: (point, heading, distance from chip edge)}`
"""
if sampleholder_type == "SMA8": # this is special: it has default launcher assignments
if not launcher_assignments:
launcher_assignments = {1: "NW", 2: "NE", 3: "EN", 4: "ES", 5: "SE", 6: "SW", 7: "WS", 8: "WN"}
if sampleholder_type in default_sampleholders:
return self.produce_n_launchers(
**default_sampleholders[sampleholder_type],
launcher_assignments=launcher_assignments,
enabled=enabled,
face_id=face_id,
)
return {}
[docs]
def produce_n_launchers(
self,
n,
launcher_type,
launcher_width,
launcher_gap,
launcher_indent,
pad_pitch,
launcher_assignments=None,
port_id_remap=None,
launcher_frame_gap=None,
enabled=None,
chip_box=None,
face_id=0,
):
"""Produces n launchers at default locations and optionally changes the chip size.
Launcher pads are equally distributed around the chip. This may be overridden by specifying
the number of pads desired per chip side if ``n`` is an array of 4 numbers.
Pads not in ``launcher_assignments`` are disabled by default. The ``enabled`` argument may
override this. If neither argument is defined then all pads are enabled with default names.
Args:
n: number of launcher pads or an array of pad numbers per side
launcher_type: type of the launchers, "RF" or "DC"
launcher_width: width of the launchers
launcher_gap: pad to ground gap of the launchers
launcher_indent: distance between the chip edge and pad port
pad_pitch: distance between pad centers
launcher_frame_gap: gap of the launcher pad at the frame
launcher_assignments: dictionary of (port_id: name) that assigns a name to some of the launchers
port_id_remap: by default, left-most top edge launcher has port_id set to 1 and port_ids
increment for other launchers in clockwise order.
port_id_remap is a dictionary [1..n] -> [1..n] such that for port_id_remap[x] = y,
x is the port_id of the launcher in default order and y is the port_id of that launcher
in your desired order.
For example, to flip the launcher order by chip's y-axis, set port_id_remap to
``{i+1: ((n - i + n/4-1) % n) + 1 for i in range(n)}``
enabled: optional list of enabled launchers
chip_box: optionally changes the chip size (``self.box``)
face_id: index of face_ids in which to insert the launchers
Returns:
launchers as a dictionary :code:`{name: (point, heading, distance from chip edge)}`
"""
if launcher_frame_gap is None:
launcher_frame_gap = launcher_gap
if chip_box is not None:
self.box = chip_box
if launcher_type == "DC":
launcher_cell = self.add_element(LauncherDC, width=launcher_width, face_ids=[self.face_ids[face_id]])
else:
launcher_cell = self.add_element(
Launcher,
s=launcher_width,
l=launcher_width,
a_launcher=launcher_width,
b_launcher=launcher_gap,
launcher_frame_gap=launcher_frame_gap,
face_ids=[self.face_ids[face_id]],
)
pads_per_side = n
if not isinstance(n, tuple):
n = int((n + n % 4) / 4)
pads_per_side = [n, n, n, n]
dirs = (90, 0, -90, 180)
trans = (
pya.DTrans(3, 0, self.box.p1.x, self.box.p2.y),
pya.DTrans(2, 0, self.box.p2.x, self.box.p2.y),
pya.DTrans(1, 0, self.box.p2.x, self.box.p1.y),
pya.DTrans(0, 0, self.box.p1.x, self.box.p1.y),
)
_w = self.box.p2.x - self.box.p1.x
_h = self.box.p2.y - self.box.p1.y
sides = [_w, _h, _w, _h]
return self._insert_launchers(
dirs,
enabled,
launcher_assignments,
port_id_remap,
launcher_cell,
launcher_indent,
launcher_width,
pad_pitch,
pads_per_side,
sides,
trans,
face_id=face_id,
)
def _insert_launchers(
self,
dirs,
enabled,
launcher_assignments,
port_id_remap,
launcher_cell,
launcher_indent,
launcher_width,
pad_pitch,
pads_per_side,
sides,
trans,
face_id,
):
"""Inserts launcher cell at predefined parameters and returns launcher cells"""
launcher_order_idx, launchers = 0, {}
for np, dr, tr, si in zip(pads_per_side, dirs, trans, sides):
for i in range(np):
launcher_order_idx += 1
if port_id_remap:
port_id = port_id_remap.get(launcher_order_idx, launcher_order_idx)
else:
port_id = launcher_order_idx
if launcher_assignments:
if port_id not in launcher_assignments:
continue
name = launcher_assignments[port_id]
else:
name = str(port_id)
if enabled and name not in enabled:
continue
loc = tr * pya.DPoint(launcher_indent, si / 2 + pad_pitch * (i + 0.5 - np / 2))
launchers[name] = (loc, dr, launcher_width)
transf = pya.DCplxTrans(1, dr, False, loc)
launcher_inst, launcher_refpoints = self.insert_cell(launcher_cell, transf, name)
launcher_inst.set_property("port_id", port_id)
self.add_port(name, launcher_refpoints["port"], face_id=face_id)
return launchers
[docs]
def make_grid_locations(self, box, delta_x=100, delta_y=100, x0=0, y0=0): # pylint: disable=no-self-use
"""
Define the locations for a grid. This method returns the full grid.
Args:
box: DBox specifying a region for a grid
delta_x: Int or float specifying the grid separation along the x dimension
delta_y: Int or float specifying the grid separation along the y dimension
x0: Int or float specifying the center point displacement along the x-axis
y0: Int or float specifying the center point displacement along the y-axis
Returns: list of DPoint coordinates for the grid.
"""
# array size for grid creation
x_neg = int((box.width() / 2 + x0) / delta_x)
x_pos = int((box.width() / 2 - x0) / delta_x)
y_neg = int((box.height() / 2 + y0) / delta_y)
y_pos = int((box.height() / 2 - y0) / delta_y)
locations = []
for i in numpy.linspace(-x_neg, x_pos, x_neg + x_pos + 1):
for j in numpy.linspace(-y_neg, y_pos, y_neg + y_pos + 1):
locations.append(box.center() + pya.DPoint(x0 + i * delta_x, y0 + j * delta_y))
return locations
[docs]
def get_ground_tsv_locations(self, tsv_box):
"""
Define the locations for a grid. This method returns the full grid.
Args:
box: DBox specifying the region that should be filled with TSVs
Returns: list of DPoint coordinates where a ground bump can be placed
"""
return self.make_grid_locations(tsv_box, delta_x=self.tsv_grid_spacing, delta_y=self.tsv_grid_spacing)
def _produce_ground_tsvs(self, faces=[0, 2], tsv_box=None): # pylint: disable=dangerous-default-value
"""Produces a grid of TSVs between given faces.
The TSVs avoid ground grid avoidance on both faces, and keep a distance to existing elements.
"""
logging.info(f"Starting TSV grid generation on face(s) {[self.face_ids[face] for face in faces]}")
# Count existing TSV count for logging purpose
existing_tsv_region = pya.Region()
for face in faces:
existing_tsv_region += pya.Region(self.cell.begin_shapes_rec(self.get_layer("through_silicon_via", face)))
existing_tsv_count = existing_tsv_region.merged().count()
# Specify tsv element, filter regions, and locations
tsv = self.add_element(Tsv, face_ids=[self.face_ids[face] for face in faces])
shape_layers = [("through_silicon_via", face) for face in faces]
filter_regions = self.get_filter_regions(
[("ground_grid_avoidance", face, 0) for face in faces]
+ [("through_silicon_via_avoidance", face, 0) for face in faces]
+ [("indium_bump", face, self.tsv_edge_to_nearest_element) for face in faces]
+ [("base_metal_gap_wo_grid", face, self.tsv_edge_to_nearest_element) for face in faces]
+ [("through_silicon_via", face, self.tsv_edge_to_tsv_edge_separation) for face in faces]
)
locations = self.get_ground_tsv_locations(
tsv_box if tsv_box is not None else self.box.enlarged(-self.edge_from_tsv)
)
# Produce TSV grid
if isinstance(locations, dict):
# TSVs are grouped by rotation
tsv_locations = []
for rotation, locs in locations.items():
tsv_locations += self.insert_filtered_elements(tsv, shape_layers, filter_regions, locs, rotation)
else:
# Use default rotation for all TSVs
tsv_locations = self.insert_filtered_elements(tsv, shape_layers, filter_regions, locations)
logging.info(
f"Found {existing_tsv_count} existing TSVs and inserted {len(tsv_locations)} TSVs on grid, "
f"totalling {existing_tsv_count + len(tsv_locations)} TSVs."
)
return tsv_locations